Back-pedaling brake.



No. 634,700. Patented Oct. 10, 1899. W. PENSEYRES.

BACK PEDALING BRAKE.

(Application filed Oct. 10, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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No. 634,700. I Patented Oct. l0, I899.

W. H. PENSEYRES. BACK PEDAUNG BRAKE.

(Application filed Oct. 10, 189B.) and llodei.) s Sheets$heet 3,

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U rT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. PENSEYRES, or BUFFALO, NEW Yon ASSIGNOR, BY manor 'AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO GEORGE HABERER, OF SAME PLACE, AND

JOHN DANHEISER, OF HAMBURG,

NEW YORK.

,BACK-PEDALINVG BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 634,700, dated October 1-0, 1899.

Application filed October 10,1898. Serial No. 693,135. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

' Beit known that LWILLIAM H. PENSEYRES,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New 5 York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Bicycles, of which the following is a specification. V

My invention relates to animproved bicycle, and particularly to the brake mechanism therefor, in which a brake is applied to the rear. wheel by back-pedaling. It also relates to a hall-bearing-clutch device upon the rear hub for supporting the rear sprocket, so that it can rotate freely in one direction to provide means for coasting.

It also relates to certain details of construc tion, all of whichwill be fully and clearly hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a bicycle, portions beingin section to expose my improved brake mechanism. Fig. 2 represents an enlarged detached view of the rear Sprocket and its clutch, the sprocket being in section to expose the grooves and balls. Fig. 3 is an enlarged section through the crank-shaft on or about line a a, Fig. 7, looking in the direction of the arrow V, the crank being omitted. Fig.4 is an enlarged section through the crank-hanger and also through the Gran k-shaft and the clutch mechanism on or about line b b, Fig. 7 looking in the direction of the arrow X, the screws which hold the 5 clutch mechanism together being shown to denote their position, also showing'a' portion of the bicycle-frame, the brake, and its supporting devices. Fig. 5 is a detached View of the notched ring. Fig. 6 is a section on or about line c of Fig. to illustrate the alvmost imperceptible concaved interior-of the notched ring. Fig. 7 represents a section through the sleeve, vthe clutch mechanism, and the cones and sprocket, the shaft and its cranks being shown'in full lines. Fig. 8 is a detached view of the brake, the inclosing case being shown in section to expose the interior mechanism. 7 a

In referenceto the accompanying drawings in detail like numerals represent like parts.

V The bicycle is composed of theusual frame 1, handle-bars 2, front wheel 3, rear wheel 4,

crank-hanger 5, saddle-post 6, and saddle 7,

allvof which are of well-known construction.

The crank-shaft is preferably formed in two 5 5 sections 8 and 9, which are secured together by a sleeve 10, to the center or substantially the center of which is rigidly secured an enlargement or ring 11, and an annular ring 12, having a series of peripherical grooves 13, is supported upon the-sleeve 10 by means of the supplementary ring 14: and the screws 15, which arepassed'through the supplementary ring 14, the grooved ring 12, and the ring 11, thus rigidly securing them all together and to the shaft. A hardened-steel ball 16 is placed in each of the grooves 13, and an outer annular clutch-ring 17, having a peripherical depression or notch 18, is supported upon the balls 16. The rings 11 and 14: are larger in circumference than the interior of the outer ring 17 and project over the sides of thesame to prevent lateral displacement. The interior of the ring 17 is preferably concaved very slightlyto provide a grooved track for the balls, as shown in Fig. 6. It will readily be seen byreference to the drawings that the notched ring 17 will revolve easily around the grooved ring 12 when the shaft is rotated in the direction required to propel the bicycle forward and that upon power beingapplied to turn the shaft in the contrary'direction the balls will roll in the grooves andwedge themselves between the interior of the ring 17 and the grooves, and thereby rigidly lock the ring 17 against independent rotation in that direction.

A support or standard 19 is detachably secured to the cross-brace 20 of the rear staytubes of the bicycle by means of the bolt 21. 90 This support 19 is provided with an opening through which the brake-rod 22 passes. A screvvthreaded opening is located in the crank-hanger near the top thereof, Within which the screw-threaded end 23 of the inclosing case 24 is supported.

The brake-spoon 25 is of the usual curved pattern and has an interiorly-screw-threaded tube 26, in whichthe screw-threaded end of the brake-rod 22 engages, thus providing means for longitudinal adjustment. To look the spoon in any position to. which it maybe adjusted, the lock-nut 27 upon the screw threaded brake-rod is screwed firmly against the outer edge of the tube 26. Theinclosing case 24 is provided with a screw-cap 28, which screws into the rear end thereof, said cap having a-central opening through which the brake-rod passes. A coiled spring 29 is lo cated within the inclosing case, with one end against the cap 28 and the otherbentand inserted in an opening in the -brake-rod,the office of which is to normally retain the brake-spoon in position away from the tire. The brake-rod extends through the-inclosi-ng case and into theinteriorof the crank-hanger, terminating in a reduced end portion 30., which fits in the not-ch 18 in the clutch-ring 17. The rear wheel is also provided with a clutch device to allow the rear sprocket to freely rotate in one direction independently of the hub. This device comprises the annular ring 3'], havingaseries of peripheral grooves '82., preferably six in number, which is rigidly secured by any well-known means The sprocket-ring 34: is pro upon the hub. vided with a concaved interior forming an internally-encircling groove 35, and a series of balls '33 are introduced into the grooves 32 through an opening of sufficient size in the sprocket --ring located between two of its teeth. The office of these balls is to form wedges to lock the sprocket-ring against'independent rotation when the bicycle is propelled forward and to provide an easy rolling bearing to allow the sprocket-ring to rotate freely upon the ring .31 and the bicycle to coast when the rotation of the shaft-ceases. As portions of these balls are in both the groove 35 and the grooves 32, the balls also serve to support the-sprocket-ring against lateral displacement. (See Fig. 2.) 'The opening in the sprocket-ring through which the balls are introduced is closed by means of the screw 36.

To limit the range of movement of the brake, and thus prevent the spoon from pressing-too heavily against the tire a nut 87 is placed upon the brake-rod in front of the standard or support 19, which can be rotated thereon to any position desired. Upon applying-the brake this nut strikes against the support, and thus limits its forward movement.

The two sections of the divided crank-shaft are "preferably secured together, as shown in Fig. 7, the section 8, which I term the sprocket-supporting section, being provided at its junction with its crank with a smooth-surfaced portion 38, upon which the sprocket'39 is pressed. This portion 38.-merges inwardly in a screw-threaded section 40, having alight-hand screw-thread, upon which the cone 4:1 is screwed firmlyagainst the sprocket to hold it in place, and this right-hand screwthreaded portion in turn merges in alefthand screw-threaded portion 40, with which the screw-thrcaded end-of the sleevcengages. The p11 rpose of these two oppositely-extending screw-threaded portions is to provide means for firmly and rigidly locking the sleeve to that section of the shaft, and especially against independent rotation of the sleeve upon the shaft when the bra-kc is applied. The opposite end of the sleeve is secured to the other shaft portion 9 by the locking-cone 42, which issupported upon balls 43 to afford easy rotation.

The brake is applied by back-pedaling, the backward revolution ofthe crank-shaft causingthe clutch device thereon to operate to prevent the independent rotation of the notched ring and the notch in said ring forcing the brake-rod backward and the brake spoon against the tire.

The assembling and-dismounting of thedevice will be easily understood from theforegoing.

To prevent the independent rotation-of the sprocket upon the shaft, a screw-bolt 44 is passed through the sprocket and intoanop'ening in the crank.

The reduced end portion 30 of the Makerod 22, which is seated in the notch, is preferably flat to prevent the rotation of the rod and the turning of thespoon from its vertical position.

I claim as my invention 1. In a bicycle, the combination with the frame, the wheels, a clutch device for for ward driving,.acrank-hanger having a-screwthreaded opening in its upper rear portion,

and a crank-shaft rotatablysupported in the cran'k-hanger,of a clutch mechanism mounted upon the shaft'and supporting a notched outer ring, a tubular inclosi-ng case having a reduced exterior-1y-screw ithreaded inner end engaging in the screw-threaded opening in the crank hanger and an interior-1y screwthreaded outer end, a cap having a reduced screw-threaded portion fitting in the interiorly-screw-threaded portion of the inclosing case, an outer flange and a central opening, a supporting -standard, screws for detachahly securing said standard to the frame, a brake-rod passing through said standard, the inclosing caseand-thecentral opening in the cap and having its forward end fitting in the notch in the outer ring in the clutch mechanism and its rear end screw-threaded, a brake-spoon havinga screw-threaded tubular portion fitting upon the screw-threaded rod, a lock-nut for securing said spoon at any position to which it may be adjusted upon said rod, an ad justing-nut upon the brakerod in front of said standard for regulating the rearward thrust of the brake and a spring within the inclosingcase having one end se cured to-the rod and the other abutting'against the cap for holding the brake normally away from the tire, as set forth.

2. In a bicycle having a brake adapted to be set by back-pedaling, the combination with the frame, wheels, and .a clutch device closing ease having a reduced screw-threaded end screwing into said opening, a brake-rod passing through the tubular casing and the;

opening in the hanger having a screw-threaded rear end and a reduced forward end fitting in the peripheral notch in the annular ring, a spiral spring within the casing encircling the rod, a brake-spoon having a forward extension provided with a screw-threaded opening into which the screw-threaded rear end of the brake-rod screws, and a lock-nut upon said brake-rod adapted to screw against the extension of the spoon to lock it to the rod,

as set forth. I I

WILLIAM H. PENSEYRES. Witnesses:

L; M. BILLINGS, A. J. SANGSTER. 

